Add tests for behavior on error (#83)

## Summary:
We guarantee that we never return a nil response, so you can safely do
```
resp, err := myQuery(...)
return resp.Field.SubField, err
```
And furthermore, if the error was a GraphQL error, `resp` may even be
nonzero; other, non-failing fields may be set.  (This depends on the
server, of course.) But we weren't testing either of those.  Now we do.

## Test plan:
make check


Author: benjaminjkraft

Reviewers: jvoll, aberkan, dnerdy, MiguelCastillo, mahtabsabet

Required Reviewers: 

Approved By: jvoll

Checks: ✅ Test (1.17), ✅ Test (1.16), ✅ Test (1.15), ✅ Test (1.14), ✅ Lint, ✅ Test (1.17), ✅ Test (1.16), ✅ Test (1.15), ✅ Test (1.14), ✅ Lint

Pull Request URL: https://github.com/Khan/genqlient/pull/83

internal/integration/schema.graphql

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ type Query {
   being(id: ID!): Being
   beings(ids: [ID!]!): [Being]!
   lotteryWinner(number: Int!): Lucky
+  fail: Boolean
 }
 
 type User implements Being & Lucky {